PSG has now secured the prestigious cup on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net early on.
Yet, Marseille struck twice late to take a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the dying moments to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty win.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen seasons.